Numerical analysis of the drag on a rigid body in an immersed granular flow

The drag exerted on an object moving in a granular medium is subject to many studies: dry grains, it depends the stress – often due gravity inside grains. For Froude numbers less than 10, independent of velocity. In immersed proportional apparent weight grains and both velocity fluid viscosity. this paper, cylinder flow simulated with multi-scale FEM-DEM model. Janssen saturation effect before independence are reproduced. semi-circular orientation field supports hypothesis spherical zone influence cylinder. This does not significantly change upon flowing. results show particle friction. case, contribution negligible its own. A dimensional analysis suggests that shear thickening should be taken into account. transition between quasi-static fluidized regime accompanied by decrease downstream shape zone.